［Objective］ The purpose was to provide theoretical basis for comprehensive development of pomegranate resource of Xinjiang. ［Method］ With n-hexane as solvent, the oil was extracted from pomegranate seeds of Xinjiang, the content and composition of fatty acid in oil were determined by GC-MS and the content and amino acid composition of protein in oil were determined by Kjeldahl method and fractional extraction. ［Result］ The oil content in pomegranate seeds was higher, being 18.2%, in which unsaturated fatty acid accounted for more than 70% in the total amount of fatty acid. The average content of crude protein in pomegranate seeds was 14.27%, in which glutelin and residual protein accounted for more than 80% in the total amount of protein and the contents of globulin, albumin and prolamine were lower. In the proteins of pomegranate seeds, the contents of glutamic acid, arginine, aspartic acid, glycine and leucine were higher, being 23.4%, 13.6%, 7.91%,_5.83%_ and 5.87% resp.; that of serine, alanine, valine and phenylalanine were secondary and that of cystine, methionine and tryptophane were lower. ［Conclusion］ In the pomegranate seeds of Xinjiang, the oil content was higher and the content of necessary amino acids was lower. _