The results of studies on the distribution of species of the Orchidaceae Juss. family in the shrubbery and forest vegetation of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic have been presented in paper. The Listera ovata (L.) R. Br. species was identified in small groups (by 2–3 individuals in each) in the upper part of the Duylunchay river basin of the Ordubad districts, in the lower and middle mountains in the vicinity of the Mazra River, in formations in shady places have been revealed during the studies. Species Listera ovata (L.) R. Br., Dactylorhiza umbrosa (Kar. & Kir.) Nevski, D. salina (Turcz. ex Lindl.) Soó, Orchis simia Lam., O. mascula (L.) L., Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Rchb., Anacamptis laxiflora ssp. palustris (Jacq.) Kuropatkin & Efimov, of the Orchidaceae family are most often found among the shrubbery and forest vegetation of the study area.