Written Paper
Occurrence, levels, antioxidative and angiogenic potentials of phenolics, phytosterols and carotenoids in 'saluyot'(Corchorus olitorius L.) [2008]
Assuit, A.C.;
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The phenolic, phytosterol and carotenoid contents of the 'saluyot' leaves were determined and their DPPH radical scavening capacity antioxidative activity against FE (II)-induced lipid and DNA oxidations and angiogenic potential were evaluated. The major phenolics in 'saluyot' leaves were identified based on their chromatographic behavior and UV spectra. Quercetin-3-glucoside was detected in the unhydrolyzed extract while caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid were identified in the acid-hydrolized extract. The total phenolic contents of the MAW [Methanol-acetone-water] and acid-and-base hydroluzed extracts were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent. Results showed that the acid-hydroluzed extract ahd the highest amount of phenolics in terms of both catechin and gallic acid equivalents (2774 +- 58.12 mg CE/kg of fresh sample and 25.77 +- 34.79 mg BAE/kg of fresh sample). Reserved-phase HPLC showed that the 'saluyot leaves contain 57.29 +- 0.09 micro g/g lutein, 47.09 plus-minus 0.64 micro g/g beta-carotene, 1.34 plus-minus 0.10 micro g/g stigmasterol and 1.89 plus-minus 0.06 micro g/g beta-sitosterol. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the 'saluyot' leaf extracts and reference standards decreased in order caffeic acid quercetin ~ BHT [butylated hydroxytoluene] phenolic leaf extract carotenoid leaf extract lutein beta-carotene ~ stigmasterol/beta-sitosterol isolate ~ phytosterol leaf extract. Their inhibitory effect against lipid peroxidation decrea
sed in the order caffeic acid ~ quercetin BHT phenolic leaf extract carotenoid leaf extract ~ beta-carotene~lutein stigmasterol/beta-sitosterol isolate ~ phystosterol leaf extract; and their protective action against DNA oxidation decreased in the order quercetin caffeic acid BHT ~ phenolic leaf extract carotenoid leaf extract ~ beta-carotene ~ lutein stigmasterol/beta-sitosterol isolate ~ phytosterol leaf extract. Phenolic leaf extract and reference compounds demonstrated high antioxidant activity in all tests employed. The duck embryos treated with phenolic leaf extract and cojmpounds, lutein and phytosterol samples showed reduction in the blood vessel formation as the concentrations of the samples increase. Beta-carotene exhibited proangiogenic activity. The antioxidative and anti-angiongenic potentials exhibited by the 'saluyot' leaf extracts can be accounted to its phenolic, phtosterol and carotenoid contents.
