The research of the Siberian fir seed (SFS) taken in different forest zones of Krasnoyarsk territory (southern and middle taiga) was conducted. There were significant differences in the content of total, protein nitrogen and individual fractions of proteins in SFS depending on the place where fir grows, the class of growth of the trees, the location of the seeds in the generative layers of the crown and the vitality of the tree. It was found that the viable SFS in middle taiga contains the maximum amount of protein nitrogen, the main fraction of which are sparingly soluble and albumin. In the SFS from the southern taiga protein nitrogen content is much less prevalent, sparingly soluble fraction and globulins dominate. Positive relation has been found between laboratory germination of SFS and water-soluble fraction content which serves as a catalyst. Also a correlation between SFS germination and the content of salt-soluble fractions and sparingly soluble fractions, which amounted to 0.93 and 0.76, respectively, has been found. The relations between the content of the alcohol and alkali-soluble protein fractions in the SFS and their germination were insignificant (0.01–0.27).