Journal Article
Тhe effect of soil tillage and seeding rates on the yield of sunflower grown under the EXPRESS SUN (TM) system [2018]
Stolyarov, O.V.; Kolodyazhnyj, S.V., Voronezh State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation);
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In 2012–2014 in the fields of Pavlovsky District of the Voronezh region there were conducted studies in order to reduce the contamination of sunflower crops. In the production conditions there was studied the effect of soil tillage methods for this crop (subsoiling, plowing, and mulching), tillage depth (30–32, 25–27 and 10–12 cm), and seeding rates for the PR64E83 sunflower hybrid recommended for cultivation in the Central Chernozem Region under the EXPRESS SUNsystem. The Express herbicide was applied (50 g/ha) at the stage of 4 true leaves, and the Fusilade Forte herbicide was applied (1 L/ha) at the stage of the 6th leaf. The preceding crop for sunflower was winter wheat. After the application of herbicides the row spacing was not treated. Throughout the experimental years the climatic conditions were typical for this region, but differed from each other, which allowed comparing the effect of agricultural practices in different conditions. Tillage influenced the duration of interphase periods and vegetation period of sunflower, plant height, leaf area and yield. The seeding rate of sunflower influenced the leaf area, plant height, the yield of sunflower having practically no effect on the duration of growing season. It was revealed that among the studied tillage techniques for sunflower the best was moldboard plowing to the depth of 30–32 cm, among the studied seeding rates - 60 thousand viable seeds per ha. The average yield over 3 years was 25.5 dt/ha
when using moldboard plowing to the depth of 30–32 cm with the optimal seeding rate. The results of research can be taken into account in the development and implementation of sunflower growing techniques in the conditions of the Central Chernozem Region.
