Journal Article
Optimizing the functioning of agricultural production systems
[2022]
Apazhev, A.K.;
Shekikhachev, Yu.A.;
Optimizing the functioning of agricultural production systems
2022
Apazhev, A.K.; Shekikhachev, Yu.A.
https://kbgau.ru/riu/vypuski/arkhiv-nomerov/2022/2022-1/9.pdf
There has been carried out an analysis of the modern technogenic stage of development of the agrarian sector. It is shown that it is characterized by certain difficulties associated with the formation of environmentally balanced agricultural production systems (APS). The theoretical problems of application of optimization modeling in agriculture and increasing the efficiency of the use of design automation systems. Functioning of SPS is studied on the example of a specific agricultural organization - LLC "People's enterprise" "Shegem" of the Chegemsky district of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. An ecological and mathematical model was made to optimize mineral and biological fertilizers application of biological fertilizers in the farm. The criterion of optimization during ecological mathematical modeling was based on the increase in the volume of crop production. The model is built on the mathematical theory of linear programming theory and effectively solved by simplex method with artificial basis. Using the methods of logical analysis it was fixed that improving the structure of sowing areas, planning of crop rotations, optimizing the use of fertilizers and taking into account structural and constituent peculiarities of arable land allow increasing the volume of the obtained crop production by 2.8-12.2% with simultaneous decreasing of the used financial means by 11% and decreasing of the prime cost by 3-6%. The increase in the gross harvest of grain in the farm reached 852.32 cwt. Ecological-mathematical modeling is recognized as an effective tool to ensure the economically efficient functioning of SPS while maintaining their environmental sustainability.
[Izvestiya of Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.V. Kokov]
2022/RU/RU2022_0.rdf
There has been carried out an analysis of the modern technogenic stage of development of the agrarian sector. It is shown that it is characterized by certain difficulties associated with the formation of environmentally balanced agricultural production systems (APS). The theoretical problems of application of optimization modeling in agriculture and increasing the efficiency of the use of design automation systems. Functioning of SPS is studied on the example of a specific agricultural organization - LLC "People's enterprise" "Shegem" of the Chegemsky district of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. An ecological and mathematical model was made to optimize mineral and biological fertilizers application of biological fertilizers in the farm. The criterion of optimization during ecological mathematical modeling was based on the increase in the volume of crop production. The model is built on the mathematical theory of linear programming theory and effectively solved by simplex method with artificial basis. Using the methods of logical analysis it was fixed that improving the structure of sowing areas, planning of crop rotations, optimizing the use of fertilizers and taking into account structural and constituent peculiarities of arable land allow increasing the volume of the obtained crop production by 2.8-12.2% with simultaneous decreasing of the used financial means by 11% and decreasing of the prime cost by 3-6%. The increase in the gross harvest of grain in
the farm reached 852.32 cwt. Ecological-mathematical modeling is recognized as an effective tool to ensure the economically efficient functioning of SPS while maintaining their environmental sustainability.
