Rearing the corn earworm and fall armyworm for maize resistance studies
1989
Burton, R.L. (USDA Agricultural Research Service, Stillwater, OK | (USA). Plant Science Research Laboratory) | Perkins, W.D. (USDA Agricultural Research Service, Tifton, GA (USA))
The development of an insect rearing system primarily for the corn earworm (CEW), Heliothis zea (Boddie), and the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), began at Tifton, Georgia, over 20 years ago. Many diets and rearing procedures were tried, which eventually evolved into the techniques we now use. The four main aspects of the program are adult manipulation, egg management, diet formulation and dispensing, and larval rearing. Food cartons (3.8-liter) are used as oviposition cages. For the oviposition substrate, cheesecloth is used for the CEW and paper toweling for the FAW. The CSM (corn-soy-milk) diet was selected for the CEW and a modified pinto bean diet for the FAW because of their ease in formulation, low cost, and nutritional adequacy. The diets are mixed in a large blender in 34-liter batches and then dispensed into 30-ml plastic cups using an automatic filing machine. Cups are infested by hand; eggs are used for CEW and larvae are used for FAW. Infested cups are stored under controlled conditions throughout larval development, pupation, and emergence. Oviposition cages are then assembled using moths collected from the cups. Five colonies of CEW are reared and crossed systematically to reduce inbreeding. This rearing system can process up to 10,000 cups per day.
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