Effect of "solarization" using different thicknesses of black plastic trapping on soil-born pathogens
1990
Saleh, H. | Abu-Gharbieh, W.I. | Abu-Blan, H. (Jordan Univ., Amman (Jordan))
Field experiment on "soil solarization" using black plastic was carried out in a black plastic house in the Jordan Valley. Black plastic thicknesses of 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 200 were used and compared with non-covered and methyl bromide (MB) fumigation treatments. Soil trapping of individual plots (3 x 1m) continued for 67 days, Aug 11 - Oct 18, 1986, during which plots were drip-irrigated weekly with 25 L/m** (2), then, planted with cucumber. The soil treatment of 10 cm depth was monitored for the entire period. Effect of treatments on soil-born fungi, root-not nematode (Meloidogyne javanica), plant growth and yield was evaluated. At two sampling dates, number of second stage juveniles, egg masses, root galling, in almost all solarized treatments, were significantly less of those of the control; solarization was also as effective as MB in reducing nematode numbers. It also reduced the population densities of six pathogenic fungi (Fusarium solani, oxysproum; Rhizoctonia solani; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Pythium sp.) by 46.7 - 100% directly after the solarization period, but reduction became less pronounced at later sampling dates. In all treatments plant weight of foliage and yield were higher than the control, though statistically not significant. The effect of the different treatments on soil-born fungi was generally similar to their effect on the root-not nematode. Depending on cover thickness and weather conditions (temperature), black plastic increased soil temperature by 1.6 - 6 deg C over non-covered soil, with medium thicknesses (60-80) being the hottest
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