Grain characteristics and seedling vigor in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
1990
Shibiao Teng
The study was conducted in the Phytotron of the International Rice Research Institute [Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines] in 1990. Seventy-two varieties consisting of 7 Javanica, 5 Japonica, 50 Indica and 10 hybrid line, were used to determine the correlations and variations of rice grain physical traits among and within varieties. Thirty-eight varieties were selected to determine the relationship of grain physical traits to seedling vigor. Grains which are long, wide, or thick usually are heavy with larger endosperm and embryo as shown by the significant correlations of grain weight with grain length, width and thickness. Grain width contributed more to grain weight in conventional varieties, while in hybrid lines, it was grain thickness. There are significant differences in hull weight over grain weight among varieties, the difference can reach up to 7.3%. This findings also suggests that increasing rice production through increasing the milling efficiency by having thinner hull is possible. All grain physical characteristics tested are variable. Analysis shows that if all grains can be improved from the mean level to maximum weight within a variety or line rice production can be increased by more than 20% even with the same spikelet number per panicle. It is concluded that grain weight is a critical factor for producing vigorous seedling, and it is highly correlated with other grain physical traits except the embryo weight.
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