Analysis of commercial honey in the Philippines: pollen grains and some aspects of its physical and chemical properties
1991
Tilde, M.A.
A total of 72 honey samples collected throughout the Philippines were subjected to pollen and chemical analysis. About 50 pollen types were identified. Pollen frequency classes obtained showed 14 predominant pollen sources, eight secondary sources, 14 important minor sources, and 14 minor sources. Mimosa pudica L., Cocos nucifera L., Myrtaceae and Compositae are the most frequent and most important bee plants. Majority of the honey samples are unifloral and classified under the Group 2 pollen density class where the pollen density is between 20,000 to 100,000 pollen grains per 10 g honey. Wild honey types are generally richer in pollen grains and pollen types than the A. mellifera honey types. Cluster analysis of the pollen data showed no distinct regional or geographic patterns in the groupings of the samples based on the honey pollen spectrum. The average reducing sugar content for both honey types is below the value recommended by FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission. The honey standards registered an average value of 66.48% which is in accordance with the recommended values. Apis mellifera honey tend to have lower moisture content (range: 15-22%) than the wild honey types (16.2-33.1%). Diastase activity is generally low or lacking in wild honey types. Average and range of diastase activity are 14.02 and 5.98-31.09, respectively in A. mellifera honeys, and 8.2 and 3.3-13.50, respectively in the wild honey types. Hydroxymethylfurfural content is generally high in both wild honey types and A. mellifera honeys. Average values are above the recommended minimum of 80 mg/kg honey.
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