Evaluation of the forecrop effect of various plants from the point of view of water management.
1991
Ruzsanyi, L. (Agrartud. Egyet. Debrecen (Hungary))
The forecrop value and effect on soil water management of winter wheat, maize, sugar beet and alfalfa were determined in field experiments and from measurements made on farm fields over a period of 15 years on a chernozem soil formed on a loess ridge. The water requirements of the crops were 420-460 mm for winter wheat, 480-550 mm for maize, 530-590 mm for sugar beet and 600-690 mm for alfalfa. In dry years winter wheat dried out the soil in the 20-140 cm layer, maize from 0-180 cm, and sugar beet and alfalfa from 0-200 cm. This indicates that after one or several dry years the soil will be dry even after cereals with a moderate water requirement. In rainy years the differences become smaller, or do not develop at all. At the end of the vegetation period the water deficiency in the 0-200 cm soil layer amounts to 80-260 mm in years with average rainfall and to 230-340 mm in dry years, in this case winter precipitations is only able to compensate for the water deficiency after winter wheat, which has a moderate water requirement, while after the other crops dry layers of various thickness will be found during the following vegetation season. After the winter half-year, the after-effect of the forecrop in the previous year can hardly, if at all, be demonstrated in the moisture content of the upper 100 cm soil layer.
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