Efficiency of soil solarization for different durations in controlling soil-borne pathogens at varying soil depths in the Jordan Valley [Fusarium oxysporum; Fusarium solani; Verticillium; Pythium debaryanum; Rhisoctonia; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum - isolation]
1990
Abu-Blan, H. | Abu-Gharbieh, W.I. | Saleh, H. (Jordan Univ., Amman (Jordan))
Efficiency of soil solarization for one, two and three months in reducing population levels of several soil-borne pathogens at 0-50 cm soil depths was evaluated. Fusarium solani, Verticillium dahliae, Phythium debaryarum, Rhisoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersicci and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were thoroughly mixed with sandy loam moist soil and distributed at various depths in 50 cm long polyethylene cylindrical columns of 8 cm diameter. Columns were placed vertically in solarized and non-solarized soils. Solarized soils were covered with 60 thick transparent polyethylene sheets. The columns were recovered after one, two and three months intervals, then sliced to 10 cm long sections for sampling their internal soil to 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, and 40-50 cm depths. Fungal populations were estimated in each section separately. Results showed that soil temperatures were consistently higher in solarized than non-solarized soils. Maximal temperatures in solarized soils were 53.6; 49.3 and 45.6 deg C at lO cm depth, respectively, during July, Aug. and Sep. as compared to 42.8, 41.7 and 37.4 deg C in non-solarized soils. Population levels of tested fungi were significantly reduced at O to 30 cm depth after one month of solarization. More reduction in polulation levels occurred when the period of solarization was extended to two and three months. Eradication of Verticillium, Pythium and Rhisoctonia spp. was achieved at depth of 30 cm after the three months, while Fusarium spp. and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were found less sensitive. The solarization effect was apparent to a depth of 30 cm, and all tested fungi were not recovered from O to 20 cm depth
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