Development and implementation of IPM [Integrated Pest Management] systems in transplanted irrigated rice
1993
Paller, E.C. | Lapis, D.B. | Saavedra, N.T. | Magsino, G.L. (Philippines Univ., Los Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines). Dept. of Agronomy)
Insect pest populations and disease incidence in the three locations were quite below in two out of six trials; there was no need to apply fungicides. Preemergence herbicides were used only with the MCR [medium cash resource-recommended nitrogen] and HCR [high cash resource-recommended nitrogen] IPM systems because of enhanced weed infestation due to draining of the field for golden snail control. Farmer-cooperators utilized a greater variety of control components and used nitrogen rates higher than the recommended in five out of six trials. Total number of insect predators (mostly spiders) was significantly higher in the researchers IPM systems than FPM only in one out of six trials. Based on the six trials, the farmer cooperator produced an average grain yield of 5.65 t/ha with a total pest management and fertilizer cost of about P4,862.00/ha, and ROI of 1.34; the researcher produced an average grain yield of 5.35 t/ha with a total pest management and fertilizer cost of about P3,674/ha, and an ROI of 1.44. In 1991, green leafhopper population was significantly higher in IR64 than in IR74 during the dry and wet season trials in Laguna [Philippines] but the disease did not develop because of the absence or late appearance of the inoculum source. The high severity of tungro disease in Nueva Viscaya [Philippines] during the dry season was attributed to the presence of susceptible variety, the vector, and early and sustained availability of inoculum. Tungro affected IR64 but not IR72. It reduced rice grain yield by more than 5%. These results highlight the importance of varietal resistance in pest management
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