Incidence, symptomatology and treatment of canine babesiosis
1996
Horvath, L. | Papp, L. (Allatorvostud. Egyet., Budapest (Hungary))
Babesiosis was diagnosed in 93 dog patients at the Department of Internal Medicine of Veterinary University between 1990 and 1994. Of them 52 dogs were treated as ambulant patients while 41 needed hospital attendance. After a brief summary of the pathogenesis of the diseases (GREENE, 1990, Fig. 1), it has been pointed out that although most of the cases were observed in April, as well as in September and October (Fig. 2), the disease occurred also during the winter months under certain circumstances. Based on the distribution of dogs treated at the department, the disease occurs along the bank of standing waters and rivers, in areas infected with the intermediary host tick (Dermacentor reticulatus) but also outside the areas known earlier as an endemic area (Fig. 3). Peracute, acute and subacute types were distinguished in the course of the disease. The diagnosis is based on the characteristic clinical features (Figs 4, 5, and 6) and demonstration of babesias (Figs 7 and 8). Besides the detailed physical examination, examination of blood (qualitative and quantitative blood counts, different blood parameters) and urine is carried out (Figs 9 and 10). An important part of the laboratory tests were the determination of blood urea and creatinine levels, as well as the checking of the acid-base equilibrium of blood (Tables 1 and 2). The treatment started with a single or repeated applications of Imizol inj., a preparation containing imidocarb. Besides the early specific treatment, an important part of the therapy was the continuous intensive medical attendance: prevention of the danger and consequences of haemoglobin- and bilirubin-nephrosis (uraemia), increase of diuresis by repeated application of infusions and diuretics. As a result of such an intensive therapy, 47 and 35 patients recovered of the ambulant and hospitalized patients, respectively
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