Status of weed management in wet seeded rice in Assam, India
1995
Gogoi, A.K. | Upadhyay, U.C. | Roy, A.K. (Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat 785013, Assam (India). Department of Agronomy)
Assam belongs to the Humid Assam Bengal Zone, the mild tropical plains and valleys of the northeastern region of India with high humid tropical environment. Weed problems are complex and serious in wet seeded rice because of favorable situations which enhance the growth of both terrestrial and semiaquatic weeds. Weeds cause yield losses from 50 to 65% in Assam, depending on growing season, management practices, and environment. Considering this alarming situation, basic and applied research to develop weed control technology suitable for a wide variety of local conditions is discussed. Physical, chemical, and cultural weed control methods are described. Physical methods may effectively control all weeds but large amounts of labor are required. Selective herbicides such as butachlor, thiobencarb, anilofos, pretilachlor, and 2,4-D applied alone or in combination with other herbicides and cultural practices control weeds with varying degrees of success. Growing competitive cultivars and using chemicals to supply oxygen improve crop management under shallow waterlogged conditions and check weed growth effectively. Proper manipulation of the crop - weed environment is effective and economical. Integrated weed management, which combines two or more of these methods to minimize weed competition and maximize farmer resources under different crop growing situations, needs to be utilized effectively. In future weed control research efforts, economic feasibility, ecological soundness, and social relevance must be the ultimate goals
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