Development of double endosperm mutant varieties in maize
1994
Logrono, M.L. | Burgonis, A.B. | Rodriguez, F.M. | Gibas, E.P. (Philippines Univ. Los Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines). Inst. of Plant Breeding)
Endosperm mutant genes affecting sugar, starch, and amino acid concentrations were combined in a common genotypic background in order to improve green corn kernel eating and nutritional quality. A double mutant involving shrunken and waxy genes was formed by crossing ASUKAR and LB Lagkitan followed by a series of selfing, testcrossing, and recombinations. Another combination involving brittle and opaque genes was formed by crossing HS no. 9 and HICli. The two new varieties were named DL Umali Pearl Sweet (DL U PS) and Nutrisweet, respectively. Yield trials revealed that the marketable ear yields of DLU PS and Nutrisweet were comparable to the check varieties. Sensory and biochemical evaluations showed a significant improvement in eating and nutritional quality of the two varieties. Both of them had elevated total free sugar content giving them the supersweet taste. DLU PS exhibited and increased amylopectin content resulting in the glutinous consistency of the endosperm. Nutrisweet gave a dramatic improvement in the concentration of two essential amino acids, tryptophan and lysin, showing an increase of two times more than the normal endosperm. Kernel tenderness was rated excellent for both varieties
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