Chemicals associated with maize resistance to corn earworm and fall armyworm
1997
Snook, M.E. | Wiseman, B.R. | Widstrom, N.W. | Wilson, R.L. (USDA-ARS-PRU, (USA). Russell research Center)
The resistance of certain corn silks to the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is due to the presence in the silks of one major luteolin-C-glycoside called maysin. A recent HPLC screening of over 1,100 corn inbreds, populations, Plant Introductions, and various unassigned lines for maysin content has resulted in the discovery of a number of lines with high levels of maysin. This screening also led to the discovery of several lines with relatively high levels of flavone-C-glycosides, other than maysin. Laboratory bioassays showed a high correlation between antibiosis activity and flavone content and type. Compounds identified include 3'-methoxymaysin, the apigenin-analogue of maysin (apimaysin), and 4"- hydroxy-maysin. Several lines were found to contain large levels of isoorientin, 6-C-glucosylluteolin. Bioassays determined that it was almost as active as maysin, while apimaysin and 3 '-methoxymaysin were about half as active in reducing corn earworm growth. Chlorogenic acid was also found in silks and was shown to be almost as active as maysin in the bioassay. Incorporation of these new compounds into corn silks of new germplasm should greatly increase corn earworm and fall armyworm resistance.
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