[Models of agricultural soils utilization in Northeastern Slovakia]

Landscape ecology newest findings imolementation has been requiring systematical approach to soil conservation, its evaluation and rational use, i.e. based on detailed analysis and balance of the relationships among soil, plant and environment. Based on these interaction differentiated system of husbandry and farming should be implemented in a such way, so that there was secured optimum biomass production and landscape ecological stability, respectively. Analytical findings and synthetical results of program design and farming land use in pedo-ecological conditions of Flysh Belt part of Eastern Slovakia [Presov region] could be summarised into following conclusions: 1/ The Flysh region of Eastern Slovakia that due to pedo-ecological and climatic conditions is included to marginal agricultural regions, occupies 13.3% of total Slovakian territory and 12.0% of farming land. 2/ In correspondence with this work design, models of soil productivity potential use were elaborated and tested by means of purposeful modified mathematical agriculture optimisation program in the levels of pedo-ecological subregion, Presov's region and given pilot territory. 3/ Pedo-ecological condition heteropgeneity in the Flysch Belt is expressed in concrete data of different typologic productivity category structures and summarial values of soil productivity potential. 4/ Present structure of land arrangement and use is not in linear correlation with soil productivity potential and primary is oriented on maximum profit, without respect to environmental impact. 5/ On account of inevitable arable land use restructuring, in harmony with soil productivity potential, proposal for potentially possible cropping system structure was elaborated. 6/ In correspondence with data on soil productivity potential and yields, real possible crop yields for every pedo-ecological region were calculated. 7/ The results will concretise and justify basic requirement that agriculture inevitable restructuring and optimisation should be based on soil. If farming activities will be effective and sustainable, land should be used in harmony with its productivity potential. 8/ Particularly in marginal conditions of mountains and submountains, more attention should be oriented to extra productional functions of agriculture. They should be primarily oriented to ecological stability, whereby particuralry in the crop production subsystem the matter will be rational grassing and reforestation, water management design, landscape formation, erosion control, etc. 9/ Relationship between intensive agriculture and environmental protection were are antagonistic. In model of land use as well as hole agriculture optimisation the focus is "ecological economics" preferring. 10/ The soil productivity potential of Presov's region makes possible to secure 8.5% of dense sown cereals, 5.6% of legumes, 11.3% oil plants, 12.9% annual fodders, 12.8% perennial crops, but till 18.1% potatoes and 33.4% permanent grasslands and pastures in framework of whole Slovakia. The shave of arable land of Presov's region from the arable land of Slovakia is only 11.1% and shave of grasslands and pastures is 25.2%