Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on growth and phosphorus content of cowpea under water-stressed conditions
1994
Virakornphanich, P. | Masuhara, G. | Adachi, K. (Department of Agriculture. Soil Science Div.)
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp.) was grown in a sterilized Ultisol sample (pH5.2) inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and fine endophytic fungi (FEF), and minimally fertilized with soluble phosphorus(P) at 10 mgkg*[-1) soil in 1/5000a size Wagner's pot. The uninoculated soil with 3 levels of P (10, 20 and 30 mgkg*[-1)) was also included in this experiment in the glasshouse for 35 days. The experiment consisted of 40 pots, 5 treatments in RCB with 4 replicates and water was applied at 80 percent field soil moisture capacity (FC). After growing for 28 days, half of the pots was stressed to 40 percent FC at a couple day interval. Shoot dry weight in AMF plant was greatest at 6-day old seedling contributed to highest P uptake. Cowpea plant showed toxicity symptom of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn). No reduction of P concentration in shoot for AMF plant but marked reduction for FEF plant as well as for uninoculated plant. There were different in total root length, root and shoot fresh weights, as well as shoot dry weights between AMF and FEF inoculation pots both water stress or unstress, being parallel with P uptake per unit root length. Water stress is significant to reduce P concentration in the leaf tissues, leaf number and size of cowpea either inoculation with AMF or FEF. The AMF inoculated cowpea increased water uptake resulting in increase in transpiration rate and thus, increase in rate of photosynthesis. This improves cowpea plant more resistance to drought.
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