Research and development on sweet corn breeding of Kasetsart University
1993
Chokechai Aekatasanawan | Sansern Jampatong | Chamaiporn Aekatasanawan (Kasetsart Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). Inseechandrastitya Inst. of Crops Research and Development. National Corn and Sorghum Research Center)
KU. Sweet Corn Improvement Project has conducted research and development on high-yielding hybrids with good quality for fresh market and processing. Exotic sweet corn varieties of shrunken-2 (sh2, e.g., Florida Staysweet, Illini Xtra-Sweet, etc.), brittle-1 (bt1; i.e., Hawaiian Super-Sweet no.9 and Hawaiian Super-Sweet no.10-5), and sugary-1 (su1, e.g., Golden Cross Bantam, Kandy Korn, etc.) were introduced and crossed with elite field corn inbreds (e.g., Ki21, Ki44, etc.) and varieties (e.g., Suwan 3, KS6, etc.) of Kasetsart University. Then population development and improvement were done by using 3-4 cycles of recurrent selection for better adaptation and agronomic traits. And lines were extracted from selected populations and developed by pedigree selection. These lines were evaluated at S3 - S4 by crossing with inbred and single cross testers. The 1st and 2nd years testing of these testcrosses for yield and quality (sweetness and tenderness) were conducted at the National Corn and Sorghum Research Center, Nakornratchasima. The 3rd year-hybrids were evaluated in the cooperative trial at various locations. And the best hybrids were selected for releasing to farmers for fresh market, as well as to processing for whole kernel, cream-style corn, and frozen corn on cob. Field corn germplasm had high potential for improving the exotic sweet corn for adaptation and insect and disease resistances. And the improved sweet corn varieties can be used as good sources for inbred-hybrid development with heterotic patterns.
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