Effects of tea saponin, cholesterol and oils on the growth and feed passage rates in chicks
1998
Ueda, H. (Ehime Univ., Matsuyama (Japan). Coll. of Agriculture) | Shigemizu, G.
Effects of tea saponin, cholesterol and oils on the growth and feed passage rates were investigated in Single Comb White Leghorn male chicks. Seven-day-old chicks were fed the experimental diets for 10 days in experiments 1 and 2. In experiments 3 and 4, 3-week-old chicks were allotted. The addition of graded levels of saponin to the basal diet caused progressive declines in growth rate and feed intake in Experiment 1. These adverse effects were overcome by adding 1.0% cholesterol simultaneously with saponin. Tea saponin did not suppress the hypercholesterolemia induced by dietary cholesterol. In Experiment 2, the addition of 10% corn oil or coconut oil to the diet containing 0.5% saponin partly alleviated the growth depression. The alleviatory effect of corn oil was superior to that of coconut oil but inferior to that of 1% cholesterol addition. In Experiment 3, saponin and cholesterol were introduced using capsules into the proventriculus to avoid the effect of the taste, and then chicks had free access to the commercial diet for 24 h. Even ion this case, the administration of 50 or 100 mg saponin depressed feed intake. These effects were alleviated by the equal amounts of cholesterol if both supplements were simultaneously administered. In Experiment 4, feed passage rate in the digestive tract was measured using chromium oxide. The force-feeding of the diet containing 1.0% saponin delayed the feed passage rate, which was entirely recovered by the concomitant addition of 1.0% cholesterol. Feeding 2 ml corn oil together with the saponin-added diet significantly facilitated the crop emptying but matchless effective as compared with the addition of cholesterol. These results indicated that the adverse effect of tea saponin and its alleviation by cholesterol or oils were associated with the feed passage rate rather than feed palatability
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