The effect of variety and intensity of cultivation on the exploitation of wheat for production of starch and gluten
2002
Capouchova, I. | Petr, J. | Maresova, D. (Ceska Zemedelska Univ., Prague-Suchdol (Czech Republic). Agronomicka Fakulta)
In three-year period we evaluated a selected set of varieties of winter wheat in view of suitability and efficiency for starch-making purposes. The aim of the research was to judge the effect of variety and intensity of cultivation on the content of starch and wet gluten in grain dry matter, and on the total production of starch and gluten per hectare. Totally significant effect of higher intensity of cultivation followed from the results of comparison of ecological and conventional cultivation - i.e. with application of fertilizers and pesticides on the yield of grain and wet gluten that is a valuable co-product in production of wheat starch. In intensive cultivation compared with the ecological one (without fertilizers and pesticides) the content of starch in grain was slightly falling due to the increase of crude protein content. The total production of starch per 1 ha was significantly higher owing to much higher yields of grain. It manifests that certain degree of intensity of cultivation is necessary for economically acceptable cultivation of starch-making wheat. In our experiments it was N-fertilization from 90 to 110 kg/ha N, corresponding dose of P and K and the use of pesticides. The varieties Asta, Astella, Siria, Contra and Estica excelled in our experiments in the content of starch both in intensive and in ecological cultivation systems. These varieties were distinguished also by favourable content of wet gluten of a good quality and above all by high yields of grain and hence also by total production of starch and gluten per hectare. All these varieties are ranked among the groups B and C and except Astella, they can be cultivated with success even in marginal regions.
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