Wet-seeded rice cultivation technology in Korea
2001
Kim, J. K. | Kim, S. S. | Park, S. T. | Kang, Y. S. | Kim, S. C. | Lee, M. H. and Peng, S.
Since direct-seeded rice was first introduced in 1991, the area for direct seeding in 1995 increased to 117,500 ha, which is 11.1% of the total paddy field in Korea. There are two methods of direct seeding in rice: dry and wet seeding based on the physical condition of the field and seeds. In Korea, wet seeding is further divided into two types: wet drill seeding and water seeding. Water seeding is a technology in which pregerminated seeds are sown in standing water by a motorized seed sprayer. Wet drill-seeding technology was developed to solve the problems of water seeding such as unstable seedling stand and lodging. A wet drill seeder having six furrow openers with the operator riding on it was designated to make furrows by pressing the hardening paddy. The optimal seeding time is 1 May to 5 June, depending on the temperature at seeding time. For both drill and water seeding, the optimum seeding rate is 30-50 kg ha-1 and the optimum seedling stand is 80-120 seedlings m-2. The optimal nitrogen (N) app ication is 110-130 kg m-2. Recently, a furrow drill-seeding method was developed that is a combination of the dry and wet direct-seeding methods. To control weeds in wet-seeded rice, a one-shot application of a sulfonylurea mixture is recommended after good root anchor. Additional application of herbicide depends on the succeeding growth of weeds. Direct seeding removes the need for the cultural practices of raising seedlings and transplanting; thus, it is expected to decrease labor compared with transplanting. The labor hour of direct seeding is about 30% lower than that of machine transplanting.
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