Production and quality of ecologically grown grass/clover mixtures
2002
Dronzek, T. (Vyskumny Ustav Travnych Porastov a Horskeho Polnohospodarstva, Banska Bystrica (Slovak Republic))
In 1996, a research on growing traditional crops under strict ecological principles friendly to the environment has begun at the Grassland and Mountain Agriculture Research Institute (Banska Bystrica, Slovak Republic). Any application of crop protection chemicals and industrial fertilisers has been excluded. The effects of crops included into the cropping pattern on the quality and quantity of biomass, weed control and on soil properties are investigated. The research aims at upland and mountain regions, therefore crops grown on arable land are dominant in the cropping pattern. A research trial was established in the Oravska vrchovina highlands at the site of Vysny Kubin at the altitude of 550 m. The research site was considered rather disadvantageous (very low available phosphor and potassium contents, but good content of humus). The objective of the presented trial was to grow grass/lover mixtures on arable land. Currently, research results of three years are available and the data are comparable with those recorded at application of intensifying factors. The cropping pattern comprised seven fields in which lays (three fields), silage grasses, fodder root crops and cereals (two fields) were grown. The yield quantity was given as dry matter production, the quality was determined as energy and nutritive value in compliance with a new system of fodder assessment (PDI, NEL, NEV). A range of grass/clover mixtures composed of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and ryegrasses (Lolium sp; treaments a - g) was tested. The data recorded so far have shown the best results at the mixtures with tetraploid red clover cultivars (cvs. Sigord and Radegast). Their dry matter production fluctuates between 8.50 and 20.88 t/ha what is a relative milk production of 1.05 - 2.29 kg from a kilogram of dry matter input
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