The influence of forecrop, cultivation intensity and weather condition on the yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and yield components
2004
Kovac, K. | Macak, M. (Slovenska Polnohospodarska Univ., Nitra (Slovak Republic). Katedra Udrzatelneho Polnohospodarstva a Herbologie)
The results of polyfactorial field trials obtained in the years 1991-2001 were analysed from the point of view of the influence of different weather conditions, forecrops (lucerne, spring barley and leguminous - lucerne + peas) and cultivation intensity (ES - ecological system according to IFOAM standards, ACS - straw incorporation + NPK and CS - farm yard manure + NPK) on the yield of winter wheat and its yield components (number of spikes per area, number of grains in spike and thousand kernel weight - TKW). The trials were situated in the maize production zone in the Slovak Republic with two six-field crop rotations on haplic chernozem. The eco-stable variety of winter wheat (Viginta) was used. The yield variability of winter wheat following lucerne and spring barley was affected by weather conditions and cultivation intensity in the years 1991, 1995-2001. The wheather influenced the number of spikes and the number of grains in spike as well as TKW, while the forecrops affected only the TKW. Significant interactions were found between weather conditions and crop and between weather conditions and cultivation intensity. The yields of the winter wheat following leguminous forecrops depended more on wheather conditions (significantly) than on cultivation intensity (insignificantly).
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