Yield and nitrogen assimilation of winter wheat inoculated with new recombinant inoculants of rhizobacteria
2003
Zaied, K.A. | Abd El-Hady, A.H. (Mansoura Univ. (Egypt). Dept. of Genetics) | Afify, A.H. | Nassef, M.A.
The effects of bacterial inoculants on the growth and yield of winter wheat were studied using three strains of Azospirillum, four strains of Azotobacter and seven new recombinant transconjugants isolated from five intraspecific hybrids as an inoculants tested. Two varieties of winter wheat were evaluated in their response to bio- fertilizer inoculants. Both varieties inoculated with each bacterial strain was inconsistent and varied from inoculant to another. Inoculants exhibited increases in chlorophyll synthesis in Sakha 69, also enhance the chlorophyll synthesis in Gemaza 90, whereas, Sakha 69 showed more response to most inoculants than Gemaza 90. Application of bio-fertilizer strains had directly and beneficial effect on chlorophyll formation, as compared with full N fertilized controls. Plants inoculated with Herba spirillum strain exhibited significantly increases in grain yield spike-1 in both of two varieties used. The variety Sakha 69 showed more response to Azospirillum transconjugants than Gemaza 90 in grain yield relative to the control amended with full N recommended dose. Whereas, transconjugant 6 of Azotobacter and Herba spirillum stimulated 100- grains weight in Gemaza 90. However, most inoculants enhanced both grain yield spike-1 and 100-grains weight of Sakha 69 in relative to N unfertilized (chemical or biological) control. Practical use of efficient rhizobacteria as inoculants for winter wheat may have limited value to overcome 50% deficiency of N below the recommended dose in this study. Azospirillium exhibited increases in dry matter production in Sakha 69 due to their effect on stimulating growth rate, whereas Gemaza 90 variety did not show any enhance increase in dry matter yield, as compared with Sakha 69, in relative to the control amended with N full dose. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed three major bands of activity corresponding to molecular weights of 12, 10 and 6 (KDa) in recombinant transconjugant isolates of Azotobacter and also two major bands of activity corresponding to molecular weights of 14 and 10 (KDa) in Azotobacter parental strains. Whereas, two major bands of activity corresponding to molecular weights of 10 and 7 in parental Azospirillum strains and also corresponding to molecular weights ranged between 6-13 in recombinant Azospirillum isolates. Azospirillum transconjugants isolates derived from the same conjugation were differed in the presence or absence from one or two bands. These differences reveal a possible biochemical differences in their efficiency to fix nitrogen free in the rhizosphere of wheat plants.
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