Yield of aerobic rice (Han Dao) under different water regimes in North China
2002
Yang, X. G. | Wang, H. Q. | Wang, Z. M. | Zhao, J. F. | Chen, B. | Bouman, B.A.M.
Lowland rice in Asia has relatively high water inputs. Because of increasing water scarcity, there is a need to develop alternative systems that require less water, especially in northern China, where water shortages are acute. "Aerobic rice" is high-yielding rice grown in nonpuddled aerobic soils under supplementary irrigation. Special aerobic rice varieties, called Han Dao, have been developed by the China Agricultural University. Field experiments began in 2001 to determine the yield potential of these varieties under different irrigation regimes. In one experiment, aerobic varieties Han Dao 297 (HD297) and Han Dao 502 (HD502) and lowland variety Jin Dao 305 (JD305) were grown in aerobic soil under five irrigation regimes. In a second experiment, the same varieties were grown under flooded lowland conditions. Under flooded lowland conditions, the total water input (irrigation plus rainfall) was about 1,400 mm. Lowland variety JD305 recorded the highest yield (8.8 t ha-1) and the yields of HD502 and HD297 were 6.8 and 5.4 t ha-1, respectively. Under aerobic conditions, the total water input varied from 470 to 644 mm. The aerobic varieties outyielded the lowland variety. With 470 mm water, HD297 yielded 2.5 t ha-1, HD502 3.0 t ha-1, and JD305 1.2 t ha-1with 644 mm water, HD502 and HD297 yielded 5.3 and 4.7 t ha-1, respectively, while JD305 yielded 4.2 t ha-1. The water use efficiencies of the aerobic varieties under aerobic conditions were 164-188% higher than that of the lowland variety under lowland conditions. Aerobic rice maximizes water use in terms of yield and is a suitable crop for water-limiting conditions.
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