Development of sesame varieties in Northeast Thailand
1997
Prasit Jaisil | Jirawat Sanitchon | Hisao Fukuoka (Khon Kaen Univ., Khon Kaen (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Dept. of Agronomy)
At Khon Kaen University, sesame improvement for Northeast Thailand started in 1983. The objective was to develop sesame varieties which are suitable for growing in the Northeast. A total of 310 sesame accessions of diverse origins including local accessions in Thailand were collected from 1983-1985. Pure line selection was practiced in some segregating accessions. Four accessions were discarded from the breeding program because they were short day plants. At the end of 1985, 306 lines were selected from the best plants in each accession. In 1986, a single row plot of 306 lines was evaluated and 60 lines were selected on the basis of their yield performance and the levels of some desired characteristics. A preliminary yield trial of 60 lines was evaluated in the late rainy season of 1986. Six promising lines were selected. Standard yield trials of 6 promising lines were carried out in 1987 and 1988. Three elite varieties were selected and evaluated in the regional yield trials in 1989 and 1990 and also in the farmers' fields from 1991-1992. As a result of these trials, KKU1 and KKU3 were released as the new varieties. KKU1 is a non-branching type, short maturing, with a medium seed size and a white seed color; KKU3 is a branching type, of medium maturity, with a large seed size and a brown seed color. These two varieties have high yield and oil content. KKU1 and KKU3 are suitable varieties for cultivation prior to rice and can be harvested within 80 days after sowing.
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