Characteristics of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in Japanese hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Genetics and potential for improving the grain quality in seed storage protein
2001
"Nakamura, H. (National Inst. of Crop Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki (Japan))."
"In order to increase the international competitiveness of domestically produced wheat, it is essential to improve the grain quality. To achieve this objective, the quality of grain from Japanese wheat cultivars must be characterized. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the glutenin 145kDa subunit was determined using a gas-phase sequencer. It was revealed that the glutenin subunit expression was controlled by a single dominant allele designated as Glu-D1f and located on the ID chromosome. In this study, I observed that the Glu-D1f gene occurred frequently among improved cultivars as well as Japanese landraces. The Glu-D1f gene has been characterized as one of the typical seed storage protein in the Japanese hexaploid wheat. The allelic frequency of the Glu-D1f allele for this subunit was shown to be in excess of 35% among improved Japanese cultivars but 25.3% among Japanese landraces, while it occurred in only 1.8% of the Chinese landraces. A strong correlation was observed between the intensity of winter habit and the occurrence of the Glu-D1f allele. The relationship between flour hardness and the occurrence of Glu-D1f allele was therefore examined. It was found that in the soft-flour cultivars, the Glu-D1f allele occured more frequently than in the hard- flour cultivars. These findings suggest that the geographical clines in the frequency of the Glu-D1f allele observed among the Japanese improved cultivars as well as landraces may be caused by natural selection for winter habit and/or by artificial selection for flour hardness."
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