The evaluation of genetic resemblance and combining ability of maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines
2005
Srdic, J.
The mode of inheritance of the maize grain yield and yield components: kernel row number, number of kernels per row, 1000-kernel weight and ear length was observed by the method of diallel crossing (10x10). The high significant values of general combining ability and special combining ability of all observed traits were estimated. The additive gene action had a crucial effect for kernel row number, 1000-kernel weight and ear length, while non-additive gene action was more significant for grain yield and number of kernels per row. The interallelic interaction was determined for all traits except for kernel row number. Moreover, this was the only trait in which the partial dominance as a mechanism of inheritance was established. Superdominance was the mode of inheritance for remaining traits. All traits were characterized by high broad-sense heritability and low narrow-sense heritability. The only exception was the kernel row number with high narrow-sense heritability. The estimated genetic distance on the basis of the protein analysis was in accordance with data on the origin of inbreds. The shortest genetic distance was detected among inbreds belonging to the same heterotic group, while the longest distance was found among representatives of different heterotic groups. The classification of inbreds into two heterotic groups was confirmed by the cluster analysis based on protein markers, and also was in accordance with clusters based on the data of heterosis and SCA for maize grain yield. The deviations were established in inbreds that had not belonged to the basic heterotic groups. The PC analysis based on these three parameters produced the same results. The concurrence between the genetic distance and heterosis, as well as, the genetic distance and SCA for maize grain yield was established by Spearman rank correlation coefficient. This points out to the fact that the estimation of genetic divergence of inbreds and their classification into heterotic groups can be made faster and more efficiently by the protein marker method.
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