Protection of the Baltic Sea environment by ecologically sound land use on the undulating landscape of Lithuania
2005
Jankauskas, B., Lithuanian Inst. of Agriculture, Kaltinenai, Silale reg. (Lithuania). Kaltinenai Research Station | Jankauskiene, G., Lithuanian Inst. of Agriculture, Kaltinenai, Silale reg. (Lithuania). Kaltinenai Research Station
The presented research data were obtained on the undulating landscape of the Zemaiciai upland (Western Lithuania) where loamy sand and clay loam Eutric, Dystric and Gleyc Albeluvisols prevail. The thickness of the lost soil layer differed due to effects of water, wind and tillage erosion and varied from 0.12 to 1.07 m according to the slope gradient and degree of soil erosion. The fertility of soil decreased by 21.7-22.1%, 38.9-39.7% and 62.4%, on slopes of 2-5 deg, 5-10 deg and 10-14 deg, respectively. The mean water erosion rates under the field crop rotation varied from 6.43 m3 haE-1 yrE-1 to 20.5 m**3 haE-1 yrE-1 on the slopes of 2-5 deg, 5-10 deg and 10-14 deg according to average results of 18 years of investigations. The mean annual erosion rates decreased by 74.7-79.5% under erosion-preventive grass-grain crop rotations compared with the field crop rotation, and they decreased by 22.7-24.2% under the grain-grass crop rotation. The losses of N, P and K nutrients were in close correlation with soil losses. The resourceful selection of optimum erosion-preventive phytocenoses assists the erosion control, cleaning water and ecological stability of the landscape. All investigated land management systems were ecologically sound and environment friendly, according to crop quality records.
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