The Research of tissue culture and regenerated of the different explants of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

صينى. 建立向日葵不同外植体离体培养再生体系，为向日葵遗传转化、突变体筛选奠定基础。以不同基因型向日葵为材料，研究了向日葵不同外植体在不同的培养基中诱导不定芽再生的频率。向日葵不同基因型外植体在含适宜吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）、6-苄氨基嘌呤（6-BA）等激素的培养基中均较易形成愈伤组织，但愈伤组织诱导不定芽的能力则较弱；不同基因型向日葵外植体的不定芽诱导率依次为子叶节＞下胚轴＞子叶＞真叶；诱导子叶节不定芽再生的适宜6-BA浓度为1.2～1.8 mg/L， 下胚轴为1.8 mg/L，子叶为0.6 mg/L，真叶却未见到诱导出不定芽；MS + 0.03 mg/L IAA + 1.2～1.5 mg/L 6-BA培养基可用于向日葵子叶、子叶节和下胚轴再生体系；不同基因型向日葵诱导不定芽的能力差别较大，其中，基因型PR29再生能力较强。本研究成功地建立了向日葵不同外植体离体培养再生途径，并获得了再生植株。

إنجليزي. The article researched tissue culture within sunflower explant. The method we established will be useful for mutant selection and genetic engineering. Scientists investigated the effect of media components on the induction of shoot regeneration for different types of explants in three genotypes of sunflower. Forming the callus for different genotypes explants cultured on media containing suitable 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) concentrations was easy, but shoot regeneration from the callus proved difficult. The frequency of shoot regeneration from sunflower’s different types of explants for all the genotypes were in turn as follows: cotyledonary nodes hypocotyls cotyledons leaves. Best shoot regeneration rates were obtained in the presence of 1.2-1.8 mg/L 6-BA for cotyledonary nodes, 1.8mg/L BA for hypocotyls and 0.6 mg/L 6-BA for cotyledonary. The shoot didn’t regenerate from leaves. The best culture medium for the sunflower’s organogenesis is MS + 0.03 mg/L IAA + 1.2-1.5 mg./L 6-BA. The ability of inducing shoot regeneration for different genotype sunflower was very different and the regenerated frequency of PR29 was the highest. These results indicate that the authors have successfully established the plant regeneration system of sunflower. They have successfully obtained the regenerated plant .