Efficacy of Spoladea recurvalis as biological control agent against the weed erianthema portusacastrum L.
2004
Martin, E.C., Baltazar, A.M., Ramo, J.M., Robles, R.P., De Data, S.K., Kok, L.T., Rajatte, E.G.(Philippine Rice Research Inst., Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija (Philippines))
The effects of larval density of Spoladea recurvalis on Trianthema portulacastrum L. (horse pusilane) at different growth stages were determined in pot studies from May 2002 to january 2003. The life cycle of S. recurvalis ranged from 31 to 33 days. The eggs hatched within 4 days, larval period was 25 days covering five instars, and pupal period was 10 days. Increasing numbers of larvae (1,5,10,15 and 20) were released on caged T. portulacastrum polants. Twenty larvae of S. pesurvalis consumed 36% of leaves of the plants within 24 hours. At 14 days after release, 86% of leaves were consumed by 20 larvae. Also, the number of flowers and capsules produced by the plants were significantly reduced. S. recurvalis larvae consumed and greatly damaged the young (15-39 days old) but caused little damage to mature 60-day old plants. All the leaves of 15-days-old plants was consumed 14 days after larvae were released. Of the 13 crops and 5 weeds tested fo r host specificity, the insect fed and completed its life cycle only on Amaranthus viridis and Portulaca oleracea.
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