Soil and genotype influences on heavy metals status in maize
2004
Kovacevic, V.,University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek (Croatia). Faculty of Agriculture | Antunovic, M.,University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek (Croatia). Faculty of Agriculture | Bukvic, G.,University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek (Croatia). Faculty of Agriculture | Rastija, M.,University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek (Croatia). Faculty of Agriculture | Kadar, I.,Research Institute for Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Budapest (Hungary)
Ten maize hybrids were grown under fields conditions on two soils type: Calcaric Fluvisols (caFL) and Stagnic Albe Luvisol (stAB), during two growing seasons in four replicates. Both soils are situated of Drava valley and they are mutually distanced about 2 km. Cd, Pb, Cr and Ni concentrations in ear-leaves (beginning of silking) and soil were measured by ICP-AES technique after their microwave digestion using concentrated HNO3+H2O2. Maize yields on stAB were about 25% lower in comparison with caFL. Also, there were found differences among the hybrids. In general, we found low concentrations of heavy metals in maize with significant differences among the hybrids as follows (mg. kg-1 in dry matter): from 0.112 to 0.224 (Cd), from 0.73 to 1.04 (Pb) and from 0.303 to 0.391 (Pb), while Ni values were similar (mean 1.58). These values are very low with aspects of harmful influences on environment. For this reason, production of healthy food is possible in Croatia. By growing of genotype characterizing lower uptake of heavy metals, especially under contaminated conditions, is possible to alleviate environmental problem.
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