Investigations of the capability of Fusarium isolates from corn for byosynthesis of fusariotoxins
2007
Jajic, I.M.,Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad (Serbia). Department for Animal Science | Bocarov-Stancic, A.S.,Hold. Comp. Center for Bio-Ecology, Zrenjanin (Serbia) | Bijelic, M.B.,Hold. Comp. Center for Bio-Ecology, Zrenjanin (Serbia)
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of zearalelone (ZEN) and type A tricothecene (T-2 toxin and diacetoxyscirpenole - DAS) for biosynthesis by Fusarium spp. isalated from corn kernels contaminated by mycotoxins. The samples of corn kernels (2004 and 2005 harvest) originating in different regions of Backa (Vojvodina Province, Serbia) were tested. Mycotoxicological investigations showed in most cases a significant contamination with deoxynivalenol (DON 200 - 2,460 microgram/kg) and ZEA (520 - 1,680 microgram/kg). Isolations and identifications of fusaria established only the presence of species Fusarium verticillioides, after one month storage in freezer conditions, in fusariotoxin positive samples. The control cultures known as ZEA producers - Fusarium graminearum GZ-LES, i.e T-2 toxin and DAS producer - Fusarium sporotrichioides KF-38/1/R were also tested. In vitro toxicological investigations of isolated fusaria were performed in liquid semisynthetic media (GPK or SPK), and on wet sterilized corn kernels, respectively. Under testing conditions, analyzed Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium sporotrichioides isolates were not ZEA producers. Contrary to them, Fusarium graminearum GZ-LES pure culture was very good producer of fusariotoxins; it biosynthesized max. 465,900 microgram/kg DON, and 4,416 microgram/kg ZEA, respectively. Cultivation conditions influenced a great deal of T-2 toxin production under laboratory conditions. In most cases, higher yields were obtained during the cultivation of Fusarium verticillioides in liquid glucose medium (80-240 microgram/L). Contrary to the control strain Fusarium sporotrichioides KF-38/1/R that under the same conditions synthesized, besides T-2 toxin (4.000 microgram/L) and DAS (240 microgram/L), isolates of Fusarium verticillioides from corn grain did not show that ability.
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