Analysis of correlation between parents and offspring and heterosis performance of the contents of main volatile aroma components in flue-cured tobacco

صينى. 为了研究烤烟主要挥发性香气物质含量的遗传变异规律，采用NCⅡ设计配制了48个烤烟F1组合，分析了主要挥发性香气物质含量的亲子关系和杂种优势表现。结果表明：（1）烤烟挥发性香气物质总含量在F1组合间为493.22~1 554.35 μg/g，在亲本间为506.07~1 164.03 μg/g，F1组合挥发性香气物质含量大多显著高于其中亲值和低亲值。（2）各F1组合不同挥发性香气物质表现出的杂种优势强度明显不同，其中亲优势的大小为新植二烯（17.88%）挥发性香气物质总量（15.38%）芳香族氨基酸降解产物（8.07%）类胡萝卜素降解产物（5.81%）类西柏烷降解产物（2.75%）美拉德反应物（2.62%）；新植二烯（3.62%）和挥发性香气物质总量（3.15%）表现为正向超亲优势，其他各类香气物质均表现为负向超亲优势。（3）除类胡萝卜素降解产物外，F1组合的其他各类挥发性香气物质均受高亲值和中亲值的显著影响；大部分香气物质在中亲优势间和超亲优势间均存在显著相关关系。以上结果为烤烟亲本选配和香气性状的遗传改良提供了理论依据。

إنجليزي. In order to study the laws of genetic variation of main volatile aroma components, 48 F1 combinations had been obtained according to NCⅡdesign and the contents of volatile aroma components in flue-cured tobacco were analyzed. The results showed: (1) The total content of volatile aroma matter in flue-cured tobacco ranged from 493.22 to 1 554.35 μg/g for F1 combinations, and from 506.07 to 1 164.03 μg/g for parents. The contents of volatile aroma components in F1 combinations of flue-cured tobacco were mostly significantly higher than their mid-parent value and low-parent value. (2) Different volatile aroma components had obviously different heterosis in F1 combinations. The order of heterosis over mid-parent was:neoplytadiene （17.88%） total content of volatile aroma matter （15.38%） products of aromatic amino （8.07%） products degraded by carotene （5.81%） products degraded by cembrane （2.75%） products of maillard reaction （2.62%）. Both neoplytadiene （3.62%）and total content of volatile aroma matter （3.15%）showed positive heterosis over the better parent; other aroma matters, however, showed negative heterosis over the better parent.(3) Aroma matters except products degraded by carotene in F1 combinations could be significantly affected by high-parent and mid-parent values; significant correlations among heterosis over mid-parent and among heterosis over the better parent were found for most volatile aroma components. The above results could give a reference for parent selection and aroma matter improvement in flue-cured tobacco breeding.