Evapotranspiration from peach [Prunus persica] orchards under various floor management practices
2006
Hoshi, Y.(Fukushima-ken. Fruit Tree Experiment Station (Japan)) | Kato, K. | Abe, M. | Saito, H.
The experiment was carried out in the peach orchard where floor management practices consisted of 3 plots: sod of perennial ryegrass over the entire area with cutting several times a year, cultivation with tilling several times a year for weed control, and mulch of rice straw applied over the entire area at 2.4kg/square m. The transpiration rates from two representative trees were measured using the method of stem heat balance, and the evapotranspiration rates from two sites of the ground in each plot were measured using the method of weighing the pots buried at the same level as the ground surface. These data were analyzed in relation to environmental variables such as meteorological elements, leaf area index and soil moisture, and using the obtained multiple regression equations, the evapotranspiration rates from peach orchards under various floor management practices were estimated. The evapotranspiration rates from the ground in each plot, as estimated using the amount of solar radiation directed on the ground (the product of relative light intensity over the entire area and solar radiation in the open) and others, were highest in May when the part of ground shaded by tree canopy was still small. The evapotranspiration rates from the orchards consisting of the ground and tree were high on a clear day in May to July, and their values were around 7mm at the time of tall growth of grass in the sod plot, slightly less than 6mm at the time of high levels of soil moisture in the cultivation plot and around 4mm in the mulch plot, and another value was around 6.5 mm in an orchard assumed to have sod in the tree middles and mulch of rice straw or cultivation under the tree canopy.
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