Antineoplastic activity of microalgae extracts against nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells lines
2006
Chu, W. | Lai, P.J. | Kok, Y. | Rakesh, N. | Tan, B.K. | Ling, S.N. | Shar, M. | Mak, J.W. | Lim, K.C.P. | Pauline, B. | Phang, S.M., International Medical Univ., Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) is a type of epitheleal neoplasm arising from any part of the nasopharynx. The disease is frequently encountered in Southern China, and one of the etiological factors is the Epstein Barr Virus (EBV). The objective of the present study was to screen microalgae extracts for antineoplastic activity against NPC cell lines. A total of 133 extracts in various solvents from 19 strains of microalgae from the University of Malaya Algae Culture Collection (UMACC) were screened for cytotoxic effects against four EBV-negative cell lines, namely TWO, HONE, CNE1 and Akata. The methanol extracts from Ankistrodesmus convolutus UMACC 101, Synechococcus elongatus UMACC 105 and Spirulina platensis UMACC 105 showed cytotoxic effects against the CNE1 cell line, with IC50 values ranging from 79.0 to 98.0 micro g/mL. Fractionation of the methanol extracts by thin-layer and column chromatography using various solvent combinations was carried out. One of the fractions from the extracts of Synechococcus elongatus (eluted with hexane-acetone 6:4) showed cytotoxic effects against CNE1 and TWO4 with IC50 values of 9.0 and 6.0 micro g/mL respectively. There were changes in cell morphology - the cells rounded up, with a loss contact between cells. The mechanism for the antineoplastic activity of the microlagae extracts is being studied.
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