Phycotoxins of ASP, PSP and DSP groups in aquaris organisms
2007
Kokhanova, Yu.A., Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation).Research and Development Inst of Nutritient | Kiseleva, T.V. | Khotimchienko, S.A.
The results of studying seafoods for the content of ASP-, PSP-, DSP-phycotoxins produced by microalgae, algae and cyanobacteria whose flocs are an additional source of food for bottom animals. Many fishery bivalved mollusks (mussels, scallops, oysters, edible mussels) are able of accumulating phytotoxins, including those relating to PSP groups (paralytic mollusk poison), DSP (diarrheic mollusk poison) and ASP (amnesic mollusk poison) engendering human health. Detection of phytotoxins was conducted by methods of EIA (for PSP and DSP) and high-performance liquid chromatography (for ASP). The results of the analysis were compared to the rates accepted in many countries: for PSP-toxins – 0.8 mg/kg (ml), for DSP-toxins – 0.16 mg/kg (ml), for ASP-toxins – 20 mg/kg (ml) (internal organs of crabs). Samples of seafoods were studied for phytotoxins of groups PSP, DSP and ASP. The samples from the retail trade system were: mussels, scallops, oysters, crabs, shrimps, calamaries, mollusks Hokkigai and cuttlefishes; shrimps, calamaries, drills, Far East trepang, sea hedgehog, bivalved mollusks caught in the Japanese Sea. 142 samples of mollusks from the retail trade system contained PSP-toxin not greater than 800 µg/kg, 35 samples of aquatic organisms from the Japanese Sea the maximum content of toxins was 538.0 µg/kg. The maximum content of DSP-toxin in 133 samples of seafoods was 657.0 µg/kg and 435.0 µg/kg, and ASP from 120 samples of aquatic organisms – 1.5 µg/kg and 13.17 µg/kg, respectively. In spite of that the level of contamination of the studied samples mainly did not exceed the due allowable values, except for DSP-toxins, detection of phytotixins in seafoods may promote intoxication when consumed as a food. High toxicity of these contaminants, as well as carcinogenic properties of DSP-toxins requires a hygienic rate for phytotoxins contained in seafoods.
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