Morphological findings in lungs of the horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
2007
Marinkovic, D., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Belgrade (Serbia) | Aleksic-Kovacevic, S., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Belgrade (Serbia) | Plamenac, P., Institute for Mother and Childrens Health Dr Vukan Cupic, Belgrade (Serbia)
The frequency and characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) based on morphological and cytological changes in equine lungs were studied. Lungs obtained from 51 horses of different age and sex were examined grossly and tissue samples were collected for pathohistological examination. Cytological examination was done on impression smears from the tracheal bifurcation. Pulmonary emphysema and lack of pulmonary collapse were the most common gross lesions whereas alveolary emphysema was described in 70.59% of all examined horses, more frequently in the distensive form (54.90%) and less frequently in the destructive form (15.69%). Pathohistological chronic bronchitis/brochiolitis, with characteristics changes in the lumen, mucosa, submucosa and smooth muscle layer was described in all examined horses. Increased immunoreactivity was described in the lungs. The most common lesions seen on cytology impression smears from the tracheal bifurcation were thick, viscous PAS positive mucus which forms Curschmann spirals. The dominant cell population consisted of desquamated airway epithelial cells, as well as eosinophils, neutrophils, mast cells, erythrocytes and alveolar macrophages. Primary pulmonary pathogens as well as potential contaminants and secondary infection agens were isolated bacteriologically from lungs samples.
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