Pulpitis and pulp necrosis as a sequel to periodontal disease in dogs
2006
Nemec, A., Ljubljana Univ. (Slovenia). Veterinary Fac. | Petelin, M | Erzen, D. | Pavlica, Z.
There is general agreement that pulpal disease can initiate and/or perpetuate periodontal disease; the opposite theory is controversial. Several investigators suggest that pulpitis could be a sequel to periodontal disease. If accessory canals are the main entrance for bacteria and their metabolites to the dental pulp, it is hypothesized that periodontal disease associated pulpitis is less likely to occur in dogs compared to humans, because the typical canine root canal anatomy has very few lateral ramifications away from the delta at the root apex. The histopathology of dog teeth extracted because of moderate to advanced periodontal disease was studied to determine the presence and range of pulpitis or necrosis. A total number of 22 affected teeth were examined and changes were compared with 5 control teeth obtained from dogs with no clinically detected periodontal disease. There was obvious pulpitis in 27.3 % of periodontally affected teeth with mild inflammation in additional 18.2 %. Pulp necrosis was observed in 40.9 % of cases. Chronic apical periodontitis was confirmed in 44.4 % of teeth with pulp necrosis. The finding of obvious chronic and acute pulpitis in a significant proportion of cases, despite the low number of lateral canals, was unexpected. Further study is required to determine pathogenesis of pulpitis. The possibility of pulpitis or pulp necrosis in periodontaly involved teeth should be considered when planning periodontal treatment.
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