Pilot projects on control with remote sensing in accession countries in the frame of JRC support to IACS set up

The Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute (SSCRI), Bratislava is a focal point of Remote Sensing methods use in the Agriculture Department of Slovak Republic. One of the tasks is the Control of the conditions fulfillment for the subsidies fixed to agricultural area by use the Remote Sensing methods (in the text only control by Remote Sensing). The Control by Remote Sensing is one of five focal components of the Integrated Administrative and Control System (IACS). This subsidy control method is one of the check methods officially respected by European Union (EU) focused to authorized subsidies fixed to farmland, based on EU directives concerning Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) - Decree N. 3508/92 article 4 and 8.4 cited - national administrative can use Remote Sensing methods when controlling areas and uses of the parcels. Further is Decree N. 2419/01 - article 23 (before Decree N. 3887/92). This form of subsidy control is in moment preferred control method in most EU member countries. On average is in the member countries checked 10% application forms, of it more than one half just by this method. Its key advantage is temporal control efficacy of agricultural objects high quantity in short temporal horizon needed by the control principles. Therefore the control by Remote Sensing is considered for a filter on-the-spot control. The control by help of Remote Sensing consists of several consecutive steps in strict time stages. The results have been used as documents of the controls required by CAP directives. The control of given territory RO MPSR Nove Zamky was executed in cooperation with the Point Research Institute - Research Centre of European Commission (JRC), Ispra (Italy) within the Pilot Projects CwRS (control by Remote Sensing) in 9 candidate countries. This research center is responsible for the control methodology and external inspection of the procedure. The JRC secured methodological course of the VUPOP workers in March 2003, and in June 2003 was organized working meeting of candidate countries teamworks. The JRC control of the results sent in comprehensive structured report (term October 30th, 2003) and digital data of Earth Remote Sensing used at the control, as it has been currently done in the countries participating at this programme. The control results showed, in acute IACS operation when using Remote Sensing methodology, for authorized control of subsidy on area and crop, from total number 39 observed subjects 6 subjects was accepted, 12 subjects showed small discrepancies, and 12 subjects was not accepted. In the level of users parcels it was 47.68% within technical tolerance, 20.69% was declared smaller area than detected cultivated area and at remaining 31.64% the area declared was bigger than detected cultivated area - overdeclaration. Main reason, why such high parcel number was out of the tolerance, was not satisfactory new system knowledge (LPIS/IACS) from the side of agricultural subjects representatives. This was caused mainly by use of physical field blocks instead of cadastral parcels, which farmers most met bill now, this was the reason of unproper declared areas. The results as well as elaborated data were sent to the JRC. They evaluated the project positively, whereby JRD made also the control of the project quality. The results were also presented at 9th CwRS at Koln, Germany. European Commission recommended for next year to control 20% of application forms for present candidate countries. The method used showed to be objective and temporally and financially high effective.