Assessment of heavy metals among suspended particulates and dissolved phases in suez canal water

The concentrations and distribution of particulate and dissolved heavy metals, viz. Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe and Mn have been determined seasonally during 2003 in water samples collected from the Suez Canal. The presented data clarifies that the metals exhibited clear differences in their distribution between particulate and dissolved forms. The concentration of particulate heavy metals ranged between 0.09-3.13, 0.57-15.02, 0.18-3.87, 0.02-0.73, 2.74-49.62 and 0.15-5.08 mug/L for Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe and Mn, respectively. In the same respect, these values for dissolved forms were 0.28-4.12, 0.57-9.08, 0.27-2.50, 0.02-1.24, 1.94-42.50 and 0.11-3.65 mug/L. The concentrations of particulate metals viz. Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe and Mn were high was compared to the dissolved forms. Dissolved copper, rather than particulate, showed the highest percentage of total copper. The particulate forms of Pb, Cd, Fe and Mn always had higher concentrations than the dissolved forms during the course of study except in the summer season. The northern part of the Suez Canal at Port Said showed mean concentrations of particulate and dissolved Cu = 1.43 and 2.10, Zn = 8.61 and 3.17, Pb = 1.72 and 1.23, Cd = 0.35 and 0.35, Fe = 23.49 and 15.83 and Mn = 2.09 and 1.82 mug/L. These high concentrations may be attributed to the greater activities, particularly loading and unloading operations at Port Said harbour, industrial effluents and domestic drainage of Port Said city. In contrast, the Sinai side could be considered as reference site, as it was almost clean, i.e., without harmful outfalls, where Cu = 0.16 and 0.56, Zn = 2.14 and 0.94, Pb = 6.29 and 3.44, Cd = 0.055 and 0.088, Fe = 6.29 and 3.44 and Mn = 0.56 and 0.26 mug/L for particulate and dissolved metals respectively.