Disease incidence and mortality rate in bison herds at closed and open breeding stations in Poland in the years 1997-2000
2005
Zalewski, D. | Szczepanski, W.A. | Wolkowycka, M. | Konstantynowicz, M.,University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn (Poland). Dept. of Fur-bearing Animal Breeding and Game Management
The information collected for all free-ranging populations shows that due to their character and incidence, parasitic diseases do not pose a direct threat to bison populations. A chronic disease of the genitourinary system is now a less serious problem in Poland than before. Apart from the above-mentioned pathologies, the other death causes were accidents, drowning, mechanical injuries, poaching, and old age. The main cause of calf mortality in the Bieszczady Mountains was cachexia resulting from a high snow cover. The number of bison culled at particular closed breeding stations in the years 1997-2000 was differentiated. A total of 33 bison died over the period analysed. The highest mortality rates were noted at the Closed Bison Breeding Stations in Pszczyna - 9 animals and Niepolomice - 8 animals. The mean annual mortality rate was 4.95 percent of the herds living at these stations. A total number of culled free-ranging bison in Poland was approx. 40 animals. The highest number of culled bison (21) was recoded in the Bialowieza Primeval Forest, which is natural because this herd is the largest free-ranging bison population in Poland. This accounts for an annual mean of 1.94 percent of all animals in free-ranging herds. From 1997 to 1999, 129 free-ranging bison were eliminated by planned hunting to reduce herd size, most of them (84) in the Bialowieza Primeval Forest
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