[Ruderal plant species populating polygons of solid garbage are perspective for phytoremediation]
2008
Madshugina, Yu.G. | Kuznetsov, V.V. | Shebyakova, N.I.
Bush grass (Calamagrostis epigeios L. Roth) was notable for accumulating heavy metals (HM). This perennial grass stood out among ruderal plant species populating polygons of solid garbage (SG). The plant formed a monopopulation with high productivity (15000 kg per ha) on the polygon closed 15 years ago, that promoted the release of active HM from the layers of SG. At the polygon closed 7 years ago the HM content in bush grass leaves was the follow: Cd – 8, Pb – 20, Cu – 15, Zn – 82, Ni – 703 (mg per kg dry weight); in rootstocks it was 20, 30, 36, 316 and 346 respectively. The seeds collected at the polygons were grown at laboratory and their high resistance to Zn and Ni salts was showed up. Ni transmitted passively in leaves at Ni salt exposure at tillering stage during 7 days, the growth of leaves was repressed approximately on 40%. Accumulation level of proline in the shoots was the same at Ni, Pb, Cd exposure as at NaCl salinization. Grown-up bush grass plants were resistance to repeated sloping. Pb and Ni carryover made up 266 and 173 mg/square m respectively with 4 slopings (the salt concentrations used in the trials were higher in several times in compare with the case of polygons). The conclusion is made that bush grass is perspective for the recultivation of soil on SG, though it is necessary to select rapid-growth varieties capable to accumulate HM intensively.
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