Changes in density of forest soils in recreation
2008
Lysikov, A.B., Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Region (Russian Federation). Institute of Forest Science
The intensity of recreation changes and the rate of soil restoration in forest biogeocenoses were studied in the city of Moscow and near it (Serebryanoborskii Forestry). In different forests, the values of density of the upper soil horizons on paths equally subjected to recreation loads essentially differed. The maximal bulk density of the soil under Pinetum pilosocaricosum were about 1.2 g per cubic santimeter, whereas in Betuletum pilosocaricosum it was 1.6 g per cubic santimeter. This difference is explained by specific physicochemical characteristics, structure, and texture of the soils. On places of picnics, uncontrolled sports grounds, and pedestrian paths, the bulk density of the soil is increased. The field experiments showed that in recre¬ation, compacting of the soil occurred quite intensely, since even in several months after the formation of a path, the values of bulk density were higher by tens of percents. At the same time, after recreation action ended, the restoration of physical characteristics of soils on undisturbed plots may continue for years. Since consolidation of soil and disturbance of the soil cover are always accompanied by suppression of plant roots, degradation of the assimilative apparatus and reduction of class quality of stands, measures to control visits to urban parks, forest-parks and green zone should be elaborated for their preservation and maintenance of satisfactory sanitary state
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