Teschen disease (Teschovirus encephalomyelitis) eradication in Czechoslovakia: a historical report
2009
Kouba, V.,Prague (Czech Republic)
Teschen disease (previously also known as Klobouk's disease), actually called Teschovirus encephalomyelitis, is a virulent fatal viral disease of swine, characterized by severe neurological disorders of encephalomyelitis. It was initially discovered in the Teschen district of North-Eastern Moravia. During the 1940s and 1950s it caused serious losses to the pig production industry in Europe. The most critical situation at that time, however, was in the former Czechoslovakia. A nationally organized eradication programme started in 1952. The reported number of new cases of Teschen disease reached 137,396. The average territorial density of new cases was 1.07 per square km. Preventive measures consisted in feeding pigs with sterilized waste food and in ring vaccination. Eradication measures took the form of the timely detection and reporting of new cases, isolating outbreak areas, and the slaughter of intrafocal pigs followed by sanitation measures. During the whole eradication programme, 542,971 Teschen disease cases were reported. During 1959-1972, 16,981,529 vaccinations were done. The ratio of vaccination to national pig population was reduced from 0.4904 in 1959 to 0.0786 in 1972. The vaccination was stopped after the eradication. The last cases were detected in 1973 and from that time Czech and Slovak territories have been free from this dangerous infection.
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