Morphological characteristics and yield of five major cucumber types under cultivation in Japan
2010
Sakata, Y., National Inst. of Vegetable and Tea Science, Tsu (Japan) | Sugiyama, M. | Yoshioka, Y. | Ohara, T.
We evaluated the morphological characteristics, fruit growth pattern, and yields of eight cultivars representing five types of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L). The cucumber types examined were Beit Alpha, greenhouse, Japanese, pickling, and slicer. The different cucumber types were clearly differentiated from one another, but displayed similar values between cultivars of each type. Cultivars of the greenhouse and Beit Alpha types produced larger leaves and plants (height and length) and longer petioles than cultivars of the Japanese, pickling, and slicer types. Large to intermediate-sized warts occurred on cultivars of the Japanese, pickling, and slicer types, whereas few, small warts occurred on cultivars of the greenhouse and Beit Alpha types. Fruit weight (at harvest for the fresh market stage) of greenhouse and slicer type cultivars exceeded 200g, whereas the fruit weight of Japanese and Beit Alpha type cultivars was around 100g and the pickling type cultivar produced the lightest fruit, at ca. 60g. The heaviest and longest fruits at 17 days after anthesis were produced by the cultivars of the greenhouse and Japanese types (weight 1,100g, length 43 cm) and the lightest and shortest fruit were from the pickling type cultivar (700g, 20cm). Early yields were higher in the Beit Alpha and greenhouse cultivars than in the cultivars of the Japanese, pickling and slicer types, and total yields were higher in the Beit Alpha, greenhouse, and slicer cultivars. Yields produced by the high-wire training method were inferior to those from the Japanese teki-shin training method. This evaluation suggests that further breeding should focus on traits related to plant form, fruit surface condition, and fruit-size at harvest.
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