Diversity and distribution of wood decay fungi and wood discolouring fungi in buildings in Latvia | Koksnes trupes sēņu un krāsojošo sēņu daudzveidība un izplatība Latvijas ēkās
2009
Irbe, I., Latvian State Inst. of Wood Chemistry, Riga (Latvia) | Andersone, I., Latvian State Forest Research Inst. Silava, Salaspils (Latvia) | Andersons, B., Latvian State Forest Research Inst. Silava, Salaspils (Latvia)
During a period of 12 years (1996-2007), a total of 300 private and public buildings as well as more than 20 cultural monuments had been inspected in Latvia regarding the damage by wood decay basidiomycetes and discolouring microfungi. Wood decay fungi in constructions occurred in 338 cases. Brown-rot damage occurred more frequently (78.1%) than the white-rot (21.9%). A total of 60 species of wood decay fungi were identified: 21 brown-rot species and 39 white-rot species. Serpula lacrymans (46.7%), Antrodia spp. (12.7%), Coniophora spp. (5.9%), and Gloeophyllum spp. (2.9%) were the most frequently recorded decay fungi. Majority of decay fungi were found on indoor wood (83%), whereas outdoor wood was damaged in 17% of cases. Wood discolouring fungi (moulds and bluestain) on construction and decorative materials were found in 55 cases. Most frequent genera of microfungi were Penicillium, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, and Trichoderma. The main reason for development of wood decay macromycetes and wood discolouring micromycetes in buildings was regular wood moistening (is greater than 20%) and the lack of ventilation fostered by poor maintenance, nonprofessional reconstruction/repair, or improper building construction.
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