Rye genetic collection as a tool for the improvement of the method for rye and triticale breeding
2008
Tsvetkova, N.V. | Tikhenko, N.D., St. Petersburg State Univ. (Russian Federation)
When breeding the primary spring octoploid triticale from crosses of various inbred rye lines to common wheat Chinese Spring, the effects of the rye genotype and growth conditions on the plant height, the number of seeds and seed setting in the main spike were studied. In the short stem triticale lines carrying the Ddw1 alleles, the plants were 0.2 m shorter on average than those in the ddwl —carrying lines, the distribution of the two triticale groups overlapped significantly. In the both groups, the lines significantly differing in plant height could bef differentiated, because of allelic diversity of the additional genes controlling this trait along with the Ddw gene. Ten triticale lines were identified, which had the largest seed setting under self-pollination. Seven out of ten samples with the high number of seeds carried mutation in the T locus. The triticale lines with mutations in the S and Z loci displayed much lower self-fertility on average. Thirty two primary octoploid triticale lines and their parental forms were studied for resistance to 5 fungal diseases. Next interaction of wheat and rye genes in integrated genome of octoploid triticale were established by our analysis of the results: 1) either the rye or the wheat genes of resistance head have phenotypical demonstration, 2) the resistance was suppressed by specific genotype, 3) by specific genome interaction was established the resistance of amfidiploids that appeared by crossing a sensitive parents forms. The phenotypic manifestation and genetic control of embryo lethality observed in crosses between common wheat and rye were studied. Rye line L2 was shown to bear the Eml (Embryo lethality) gene, which terminates the development of the hybrid embryo in amphihaploids. The differences revealed between the rye lines as well as their effect on the triticale traits are discussed in view of a variant of the hybridological analysis, which had been previously proposed for identification and mapping of the correspondent rye genes.
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